Monuments of Ganja during the period of Imperial Russia from 1804 to 1918
 


In 1804 Ganja khanate was seized by Imperial Russia and it was completely joined in structure of Russia. After capture of Ganja by Russia it was renamed in Elizavetpol in honour of wife Alexander I Elizaveta. After that in 1823 as well as other khanates, Erivan khanate also was seized by Russia. Thus Russia has established full authority above Azerbaijan. The prisoner in 1828 Turkmanchay the contract between Iran and Russia on has always connected the destiny of Azerbaijan people with Imperial Russia. That Imperial Russia first of all will be strengthened in this territory, have started to change a demographic condition of the population. Thus from 1860 moved to Ganja Armenians, German colonists, Jews, Lezghins, Russians and dukhobor malaccans having various, religious beliefs, Russians, Malaccans, Armenians and Jews were placed on the left part of the bank of the river Ganja, and Germans on the right. In 1873 in connection with expansion of the city the new head plan was prepared. On the basis of this plan on the southern part of the present “Khan bagi” the Orthodox church was constructed, on the western part the Mikhailovskaya craft school was constructed, on the southern part the residence of the Ganja governor was constructed, and on the eastern part the buildings of the casino, hotel, bank, cinematography and theatre were constructed. On the right bank of the river Ganja mans and female grammar schools, church in style of a gothic style, bank and real school were constructed. The constructive process of the city transferred to the east of Ganja also a shape of the European city. This constructive process promoted the development of culture, formation, a science and created the big opportunities for expansion of trade with the European states. The buildings for religious practices also extended. But unfortunately in those times as well as with these good affairs, the Khan palace and the walls of an internal fortress, were destroyed, and “Khan bagi” was destroyed  by malaccans, that till now wounds our hearts. Bringing in the city the European culture monuments connected with our ancient culture were destroyed.
After beforehand organized Armenian-Muslim slaughter in 1905, Armenians have moved on the right coast of the river Ganja. They up to 1909 before a German temple which was a monument of  XVIII century attached a belfry and began to use in the religious purposes. In 1910 Armenians on the right bank of the river of Ganja in the northern part of the city constructed Gregorian church. Germans owning the big plantations of grapes, wine factories, mines around of Ganja gradually started to leave for 1915-1916 years. Having taken advantage of it Armenians started to move in their houses, and the church constructed by Germans, Russian started to use by Russians for realization of religious practices  was named Alexander Neva. Today the church constructed by Germans is used as the puppet Theater, a building of the theatre as the state theatre, a building of  the bank as a national bank, the European bath as a city bath, a building of cinematography as a cinema, and apartment houses are used by the population.
Falling of imperial authority after bourgeois revolution in February 1917 has enabled formations ADR on 28 April 1918. The center of the democratic republic proclaimed a city of Ganja. The first decision of the new government was returning to the city the name “Ganja” after 114 years breaks. But after 23d months the end to the freedom of our people has come. In 1920 the Soviet Russia which did not recognize any kinds of religious beliefs, was not considered with customs of people and a vein with ideas on creation of a new society, grasped Azerbaijan and including Ganja.
We shall acquaint you with the monuments constructed up to this period. After preparation of materials we shall try to show and tell you a separate theme about destructions and about new constructions in Soviet time.




Mosque “Gizil Hajili”. 1877. Now in use of a stomatologic study. It is in the street Tebriz.

 

 

 




The mausoleum “Seid Mirbagir aga” from a cemetery “Seferabad”. XIX century. It is the sanctuary. Is in the street Nizami.

 

 

 



Mosque “Girikhli” 1877. At present operates as a mosque. It is on crossing of streets Genjevi and Bala Bagmanlar. In the left a view of a mosque from a southeast, from the right a view of a mosque from a southwest.

 

 



Mosque “Gazaxlar”. 1880. Operates as a mosque. It is in the street Tebriz. In the left a photo of a mosque from northeast, from the right a view of a mosque from entrance doors.

 

 

 



Mosque “Shahsevenler”. 1880. Operates as a mosque. It is in the street Shahsevenler. In the left a view of a mosque from the forward side, from the right a view of a mosque from the side.

 

 


Mosque “Bala Bagman”. 1884. A domestic mosque. At present it is used by female society Fatmei-Zehra. It is on crossing of the streets Gayibov and Ozan. In the left a photo of a mosque from the northeast, from the right of a photo of a mosque from a southeast.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The building of religious practices-Huseyniyye (mosque Tatlar). XIX century. This building was built in connection with annual mourning at the third Imam Huseyn. At present it is in use of library Nizami-Pushkin. On the left there is a photo of a facade of a building from the west to the east, in the middle of a photo from the east to the west , from the right view from within.

 



German church. XIX century. It was
constructed by the Germans living in Ganja. After immigration of Germans from Ganja in 1915, this church has passed to Russian Orthodox church and was given to its name Alexandr Nevski. Now it is used by the Ganja state theatre. The building is on crossing of streets A.Jemil and M.A.Ab  baszade, on the bank of the river Ganja.

 

 




Russian Orthodox church. 1887. Now is in use of orthodox believers. It is in city center on crossing of streets Ataturk and H.A. Huseynzade.

 

 

 

Taking place on a cemetery “Sabiskar” the mausoleum of a known dynasty of Ganja of XIX century.

 


Maiden madrasa “Sherefhanimli”. 1915 year. Now it is used as the house of wedding. It is on crossing of the streets H.A Huseynzade and Sheddadiler. In the left a view of a building from the back side, from the right a view of a building from the forward party.

 

 



Cinematoqraphy “Zarya”. 1890.Now it is used by a cinema “Veten”. Is on crossing of streets Ganja and Ettarlar. On the left there is a general view of a building, from the right it is a view of a part of the cinema hall of the building.

 

 




Ganja domestic door. A door of a  house where the known states man of premieres minister ADR Nasib bey Yusifbeyli was born. Nasib bey Yusifbeyli was born.

 

 

 




The building of the hotel. 1827. Now the ground floor is in use of trading objects, and the top floor is used as a vein the house. Street Ganja 34.

 

 

 




“Gara” shop. XIX century. Now is in use of trading object. Street Ganja 41.

 

 

 





Ganja printing-house. 1900. Now is in use of the bank and the newspaper “Genjenin sesi”. Street Ganja 37-39.

 

 

 





Residence of the general-governor of Ganja.1908. Now is in use at Azerbaijan Agricultural Academy. Street Ataturk 262.

 

 

 




The inhabited  house. XIX century. It is in use at Azerbaijan Agricultural Academy. Street Zerrabi 47.

 

 

 



The building of the Iranian consulate. XIX century. Now the ground floor is used as a stomatologic study, the second floor is used as a vein the house. It is on the crossing of streets M.Abbaszade and I.Qayibov.

 

 

 




The inhabited house. XIX century. Now it is used by the center of hygiene and epidemic. Street I.Qayibov 71.

 

 

 

 




The inhabited house. 1908. Is in use of Azerbaijan Agricultural Academy. Street Ataturk 273.

 

 

 




Possession of brothers beks Qambar and Huseyn. 1900. Now is in use of bank “Ganja” and the union of writers Ganjabasar. Street Ataturk 260.

 

 

 





Ziyadxanovs possession. 1880.Now is in use Ganja of the State Historical Muzeum of Study of local lore. Street Ataturk 244.

 

 

 



The governmental building of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic. 1880. Formulated government ADR operated here from 28th May till 15th September 1918. Now is in use of the military court and a bureau of technical inventory. On crossing of the streets Ataturk and Veteranlar.

 

 




The building of Mikhailov craft school. 1881. Now is in use of a military part. It is on crossing of streets Ozan and A.Sultanova.

 

 

 




Female grammar school. XIX century. Is in use Azerbaijan Agrycultural Academy. Street A.Aliyev 110.

 

 

 



The European bath. XIX century. Now it is used as a bath. In the left a view of a bath from the north on the south, from the right a view of a bath from the south to the north. Street A.Iskenderov 91.

 

 




Yellow building. XIX century. Now the top floor is as an inhabited house, and a ground floor as a trading object. German construction. Street Ganja 38.

 

 

 




The house of column Fatalov. 1888. The house is used as an inhabited. Street N. Narimanov 221.

 

 

 




The inhabited house. German construction .1898. It is in use of the Regional Department of the civil Deference. Street N.Narimanov 236
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The inhabited house. German construction.1898.As an inhabited house now is used. Street Ganja 5.

 

 

 




The building of the theatre. XIX century. Was constructed by German brothers Forer. Now is in use of the State Drama Theatre. Street M.Abbaszade 56.

 

 

 





The building of the bank. Germanconstruction. XIX century. Now it is used by National Bank. Street A.Jamil 8.

 

 

 



The inhabited house. 1900. Buildings which are in a photo on the left and from the right concern to one construction and are divided by the entrance door put between them. As the inhabited house now is used. Street Tebriz 20.

 

 




The inhabited house. XIX century. Now in this building there is a female consultation. Street M.A.Abbaszade 26.

 

 

 




The inhabited house. 1901. As theinhabited house now it is used. Street Vaqif 149.

 

 

 




The building of a casino. XIX century. Now the ground floor is used as a trading object, and the second floor as an inhabited house. Street Ganja 42

 

 

We Thank you for time given on viewing of these pages.



The author of the overlooked records and pictures on this page is a director of the Ganja State Cultural Historical reserve, a philologist, an ethnographer-historian Seyyaf Sednik oqli Pashayev.
Translated by Remizova Yelena Sergeyevna.
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